Cryptography

Cryptography is the use of encryption, through ciphers, to protect sensitive or
confidential data from the risks associated with a data breach or attack.

Ciphers

Ciphers are systems that govern how a particular text or data is encrypted. In other
words, a map of conversion from the original message (plaintext) to encrypted text (ciphertext).

Resources

Tulane University – What is Cryptography: Definition & Common Techniques

HYPR Security Encyclopedia – Cipher